3. So what is the
real story with H. Pylori? Isn't it enough just to kill
this "bug" to get rid of peptic ulcers and gastritis?
This "kill the bug - get rid of the ulcers" paradigm
is nothing but a gross oversimplification of the real facts surrounding
the role of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of
gastric inflammation and peptic ulcers.
Unlike regular pathogenic bacteria, H. pylori do not
invade the cells of the surrounding tissue, they just "habitate"
there. Moreover, in sharp contrast to "regular" pathogenic
bacteria, H. pylori do not cause our immune system to
eliminate them or develop immunity to a repeated "infection".
In a large percentage of peptic ulcer sufferers,
H. pylori is not even present (these cases are called
H. pylori-negative). And isn't it interesting that, in
spite of being blamed for 90 percent of all duodenal ulcers, H.
pylori is never even present in the duodenum?
It is a well-known fact that the number of people who have the
H. pylori bacteria present in their gastrointestinal
systems far exceeds the number of people who actually develop
peptic ulcers. In fact, nowadays as many as 50 percent of Americans
(and 90-95 percent of people in some other countries) have H.
pylori in their systems, but only a small minority of them
ever develop ulcers. On the other hand, many ulcer sufferers (especially
those with stomach ulcers) are not affected by H. pylori.
Moreover, an increasing number of doctors and medical
researchers, led by Dr. Martin Blaser, President-elect of the
Infectious Diseases Society of America and founder of the Foundation
for Bacteriology, think that Helicobacter pylori may
be protective against gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD),
Barrett's esophagus, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and stomach
cardia - a particularly deadly form of cancer that is becoming
more and more widespread. According to Dr. Martin, H. pylori
and humans have co-evolved for many thousands of years, and,
until very recently, all humans were colonized by these bacteria.
This means that H. pylori must be a long-established
part of our normal bacterial flora, or "indigenous biota".
In February 2005, Dr. Martin Blaser has published
a landmark article about H. pylori, entitled An Endangered
Species in the Stomach, in Scientific American magazine.
In this article, he has convincingly demonstrated that the decline
of H. pylori in developed countries over the past 100
years has paralleled an upsurge in potentially fatal diseases
of the esophagus. Here are some of Dr. Martin's conclusions presented
in the article:
"The possibility that this bacterium may actually
protect people against diseases of the esophagus has significant
implications. For instance, current antibiotic treatments that
eradicate H. pylori from the stomach may have to be reconsidered
to ensure that the benefits are not outweighed by any potential
harm. To fully understand H. pylori's effects on health,
researchers must investigate the complex web of interactions between
this remarkable microbe and its hosts. Ultimately, the study of
H. pylori may help us understand other bacteria that
colonize the human body, as well as the evolutionary processes
that allow humans and bacteria to develop such intimate relations
with one another."1
Consequently, the jury is still out with regard
to the exact role of Helicobacter pylori in health and
disease. While there is a possibility that this bacterium plays
a certain role in ulcer development, there is also extensive data
supporting the opposite point of view: namely, that H. pylori
may, under certain adverse circumstances, become a contributing
factor to the disease, but not its underlying cause. And, taking
into account the mounting evidence of a protective role played
by Helicobacter pylori in relation to esophageal diseases,
the currently popular medical practice of wholesale eradication
of H. pylori by antibiotics may create more serious problems
than the ones it is supposed to solve.
Without doubt, this issue requires a lot of additional
research before any final conclusions can be drawn. However, it
is definitely premature to recommend strong antibiotics as the
"default" allopathic cure for peptic ulcers, if only
because bacteria tend to develop resistance toward antibiotics,
leading to the appearance of new, antibiotic-resistant strains.
The strongly negative side effects of antibiotics, namely the
extermination of the numerous beneficial strains of bacteria,
leading to further damage to the gastrointestinal system, should
not be overlooked, either. When a so-called "triple therapy"
(two antibiotics plus an acid suppressor) is used, patients are
required to take up to 20(!) pills a day. Side effects of "triple
therapy" include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dark stools,
metallic taste in the mouth, dizziness, headache, and yeast infections
in women.
Another serious and potentially life-threatening
condition that sometimes develops after the use of antibiotics
is called pseudomembranous colitis. On average, it develops in
0.5 to 4 percent of those treated with antibiotics to eliminate
peptic ulcers.
As was already noted above, all known risk factors
for erosive/ulcerative gastric and duodenal disorders, including
smoking, alcohol, stress, and poor diet, deplete the natural antioxidant
shields of our body and cause a free radical overload. H.
pylori just "adds its two cents" to the total free
radical assault on the protective lining of the stomach and the
duodenum. Therefore, unless the ulcer treatment
addresses the underlying issues of a free radical overload and
weakened antioxidant shields, achieving long-term ulcer healing
and non-recurrence is simply not possible.
Under normal circumstances, i.e. when the antioxidant status of
our body is not compromised or stretched too thin, the natural
antioxidant defenses are able to withstand this assault (whether
it is caused by H. pylori or not) and keep the fragile
gastroduodenal lining from inflammation and ulceration. However,
when these antioxidant shields become depleted or otherwise inadequate,
our body loses its ability to successfully cope with free radicals,
resulting in peptic ulcers. A vivid example of such a situation
may often be seen in emergency rooms, where patients who have
suffered from head trauma or burns tend to develop peptic ulcers
on a massive scale in a matter of days or even hours, because
the body is using all of its available antioxidant reserves to
fight the life-threatening condition.
The bottom line of this rather long explanation is that the nature
and functions of H. pylori are far from being well understood
by scientists, but one thing should be clear to any unbiased observer:
it definitely should not be viewed simply as a "bug"
that must be killed to cure peptic ulcers or gastritis. Yes, it
may contribute to the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers, but only
as one of many other causative factors. Therefore, the
elimination of H. pylori by antibiotics does not guarantee
anything, because, if the antioxidant shields of the gastroduodenal
mucosa continue to be inadequate, sooner or later it will again
fall victim to inflammation and ulceration, and peptic ulcers
will return.
1.
Farinati F, Della Libera G, Cardin R, Molari A, Plebani M, Rugge
M, et al. Gastric antioxidant, nitrites, and mucosal
lipoperoxidation in chronic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection.
J Clin Gastroenterol 1996;22:275-81.
2. Esedov EM, Muradova V, Mamaev SN. The role of the enzymatic antioxidant
system and Helicobacter pylori infection
in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer and their effect on treatment
efficacy (in Russian). Terapevticheskij arkhiv 1999;71:19-22.
4. Has the
assumption that peptic ulcers and gastritis are caused by free
radicals and oxidative stress been validated by clinical studies?
Yes, there were many studies done worldwide to confirm that peptic
ulcers and gastritis are caused and mediated by free radicals,
and to justify using natural antioxidants to treat them. All of
these studies pointed to the correctness of this assumption, but
one of them merits particular attention.
The study in question, entitled The Role of
Free Radicals in Peptic Ulcers and Gastritis,2
took place in Turkey in 2003, and covered 42 people. In a total
group of 42, there were 15 cases of peptic ulcers, 14 cases of
gastritis (inflammation of the lining of the stomach), and 13
controls. All 29 patients with peptic ulcers and gastritis were
H. pylori-positive.
The study pursued two goals: 1) to verify that
peptic ulcers and gastritis are closely related with the activity
of free radicals; and 2) to see if there are signs of antioxidant
depletion in the affected tissues. The findings of the study have
clearly confirmed that oxygen-derived free radicals that can initiate
membrane damage by lipid peroxidation do play a major pathological
role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers and gastritis .
Many other unbiased researchers in the United States
and worldwide have come to the same conclusions. For example,
in 2000 a group of Indian scientists has shown that infection
with H.pylori is associated with generation of free radicals,
which leads to oxidative stress in the gastric mucosa.3
Another group of scientists, which has studied the role of glutathione
in the anti-ulcer effect of black tea, showed that GSH plays a
major role in cytoprotection against ulceration.4
Finally, a number of studies have investigated the influence
of free radical scavengers (antioxidants) on the healing of gastric
and duodenal ulcers resistant to therapy and found that antioxidative
therapy stimulates the healing of therapy-resistant ulcers.5
All of these studies clearly confirm that
gastric and duodenal ulcers are primarily caused by oxidative
stress and free radical damage. If our diet is supplemented
by natural antioxidants, we provide the stomach lining with the
much-needed protection from the ulcer-causing effects of free
radicals. As was already noted above, particularly
good results with alleviating gastric pain and eventually healing
gastritis and peptic ulcers have been achieved with the use of
extra virgin pine nut oil.
1.
Dr. Martin Blaser. An Endangered Species in the Stomach. Scientific
American, Feb 2005, pp. 38-45.
2 . Demir S, Yilmaz M, Koseoglu M, Akalin N, Aslan D, Aydin A. The
Role of Free Radicals in Peptic Ulcers and Gastritis. Turkish Journal
of Gastroenterology, 2003 Mar;14(1):39-43.
3. Santra A, Chowdhury A, Chaudhury
S, et. al. Oxidative stress in gastric mucosa in helicobacter pylori
infection. Indian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2000; 19: 21-3.
4 . Maity S, Vedasiromoni JR, Ganguly DK. Role of glutathione in
the antiulcer effect of hot water extract of black tea (Camellia
Sinensis). Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 1998; 78: 285-92.
5 . Salim AS. Role of free radical scavengers in the management
of refractory duodenal ulceration: a new approach. Journal of Surgical
Research, 1994; 56: 45-52. 5.
What is Extra virgin pine nut oil (EVPO)? How does it work to
heal gastritis and peptic ulcers?
Most pine nuts contain a fairly large amount of
edible oil – up to 60% of their total weight. In Russia and China,
it has been traditionally cold-pressed from pine nuts collected
from wild-growing pines by a delicate process using unique wooden
oil presses. The resulting richly fragrant, golden-colored oil
with a delicious nutty flavor is called extra virgin pine nut
oil (EVPO).
Extra virgin pine nut oil has
a very long history of therapeutic use in Russian and Chinese
traditional medicine to treat peptic ulcers and optimize digestion
and metabolism. It is an outstanding concentrate of powerful
free radical scavengers fully capable of preventing or reversing
even the strongest oxidative stress leading to gastritis and peptic
ulcers. Many centuries of documented remedial
use of extra virgin pine nut oil, confirmed by recent clinical
studies, convincingly prove that it is an effective and permanent
natural stomach lining healer.
6. Does extra
virgin pine nut oil relieve ulcer- and gastritis-related abdominal
pain?
Yes, it does. In some patients,
pain relief comes practically right away. In a recent clinical
study of 25 peptic ulcer and 5 chronic gastritis sufferers, abdominal
pain was completely gone in all 30 patients after 21 days of pine
nut oil use.
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